GSP193

Overview

Google Cloud Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) Network Peering allows private connectivity across two VPC networks regardless of whether or not they belong to the same project or the same organization.

VPC Network Peering allows you to build SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) ecosystems in Google Cloud, making services available privately across different VPC networks within and across organizations, allowing workloads to communicate in private space.

VPC Network Peering is useful for:

• Organizations with several network administrative domains.
• Organizations that want to peer with other organizations.

If you have multiple network administrative domains within your organization, VPC Network Peering allows you to make services available across VPC networks in private space. If you offer services to other organizations, VPC Network Peering allows you to make those services available in private space to those organizations.

The ability to offer services across organizations is useful if you want to offer services to other enterprises, and it is useful within your own enterprise if you have several distinct organization nodes due to your own structure or as a result of mergers or acquisitions.

VPC Network Peering gives you several advantages over using external IP addresses or VPNs to connect networks, including:

• Network Latency: Private networking offers lower latency than public IP networking.
• Network Security: Service owners do not need to have their services exposed to the public Internet and deal with its associated risks.
• Network Cost: Networks that are peered can use internal IPs to communicate and save Google Cloud egress bandwidth costs. Regular network pricing still applies to all traffic.

What you'll do

• Create a custom network in two projects
• Set up a VPC network peering session

Setup and requirements

Before you click the Start Lab button

Read these instructions. Labs are timed and you cannot pause them. The timer, which starts when you click Start Lab, shows how long Google Cloud resources will be made available to you.

This hands-on lab lets you do the lab activities yourself in a real cloud environment, not in a simulation or demo environment. It does so by giving you new, temporary credentials that you use to sign in and access Google Cloud for the duration of the lab.

To complete this lab, you need:

• Access to a standard internet browser (Chrome browser recommended).

Note: Use an Incognito or private browser window to run this lab. This prevents any conflicts between your personal account and the Student account, which may cause extra charges incurred to your personal account.

• Time to complete the lab---remember, once you start, you cannot pause a lab.

Note: If you already have your own personal Google Cloud account or project, do not use it for this lab to avoid extra charges to your account.

How to start your lab and sign in to the Google Cloud console

1. Click the Start Lab button. If you need to pay for the lab, a pop-up opens for you to select your payment method. On the left is the Lab Details panel with the following:

   • The Open Google Cloud console button
   • Time remaining
   • The temporary credentials that you must use for this lab
   • Other information, if needed, to step through this lab

2. Click Open Google Cloud console (or right-click and select Open Link in Incognito Window if you are running the Chrome browser).

   The lab spins up resources, and then opens another tab that shows the Sign in page.

   Tip: Arrange the tabs in separate windows, side-by-side.

   Note: If you see the Choose an account dialog, click Use Another Account.

3. If necessary, copy the Username below and paste it into the Sign in dialog.

   {{{user_0.username | "Username"}}}

   You can also find the Username in the Lab Details panel.

4. Click Next.

5. Copy the Password below and paste it into the Welcome dialog.

   {{{user_0.password | "Password"}}}

   You can also find the Password in the Lab Details panel.

6. Click Next.

   Important: You must use the credentials the lab provides you. Do not use your Google Cloud account credentials. Note: Using your own Google Cloud account for this lab may incur extra charges.

7. Click through the subsequent pages:

   • Accept the terms and conditions.
   • Do not add recovery options or two-factor authentication (because this is a temporary account).
   • Do not sign up for free trials.

After a few moments, the Google Cloud console opens in this tab.

Note: To view a menu with a list of Google Cloud products and services, click the Navigation menu at the top-left.

Activate Cloud Shell

Cloud Shell is a virtual machine that is loaded with development tools. It offers a persistent 5GB home directory and runs on the Google Cloud. Cloud Shell provides command-line access to your Google Cloud resources.

1. Click Activate Cloud Shell at the top of the Google Cloud console.

When you are connected, you are already authenticated, and the project is set to your Project_ID, . The output contains a line that declares the Project_ID for this session:

Your Cloud Platform project in this session is set to {{{project_0.project_id | "PROJECT_ID"}}}

gcloud is the command-line tool for Google Cloud. It comes pre-installed on Cloud Shell and supports tab-completion.

2. (Optional) You can list the active account name with this command:

gcloud auth list

3. Click Authorize.

Output:

ACTIVE: * ACCOUNT: {{{user_0.username | "ACCOUNT"}}} To set the active account, run: $ gcloud config set account `ACCOUNT`

4. (Optional) You can list the project ID with this command:

gcloud config list project

Output:

[core] project = {{{project_0.project_id | "PROJECT_ID"}}} Note: For full documentation of gcloud, in Google Cloud, refer to the gcloud CLI overview guide.

Task 1. Create a custom network in both projects

Within the same organization node, a network could be hosting services that need to be accessible from other VPC networks in the same or different projects.

Alternatively, one organization may want to access services a third-party service is offering.

Project names are unique across all of Google Cloud, so you do not need to specify the organization when setting up peering. Google Cloud knows the organization based on the project name.

In this lab, you have been provisioned 2 projects, the first project is project-A and second is project-B.

1. In each project, start a new Cloud Shell by click + icon.

2. In the Cloud Shell for project-A, set the project ID for the project-A:

gcloud config set project {{{project_0.project_id | Project 1}}}

3. In the Cloud Shell for project-B, set the project ID for the project-B:

gcloud config set project {{{project_1.project_id | Project 2}}}

project-A:

1. Go back to first Cloud Shell and run the following to create a custom network:

gcloud compute networks create network-a --subnet-mode custom

2. Create a subnet within this VPC and specify a region and IP range by running:

gcloud compute networks subnets create network-a-subnet --network network-a \ --range 10.0.0.0/16 --region {{{ project_0.default_region }}}

3. Create a VM instance:

gcloud compute instances create vm-a --zone {{{ project_0.default_zone }}} --network network-a --subnet network-a-subnet --machine-type e2-small

4. Run the following to enable SSH and icmp, because you'll need a secure shell to communicate with VMs during connectivity testing:

gcloud compute firewall-rules create network-a-fw --network network-a --allow tcp:22,icmp

Next you set up Project-B in the same way.

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Create a custom network in project-A

project-B:

1. Switch to the second Cloud Shell and create a custom network:

gcloud compute networks create network-b --subnet-mode custom

2. Create a subnet within this VPC and specify a region and IP range by running:

gcloud compute networks subnets create network-b-subnet --network network-b \ --range 10.8.0.0/16 --region {{{ project_1.default_region }}}

3. Create a VM instance:

gcloud compute instances create vm-b --zone {{{ project_1.default_zone }}} --network network-b --subnet network-b-subnet --machine-type e2-small

4. Run the following to enable SSH and icmp, because you'll need a secure shell to communicate with VMs during connectivity testing:

gcloud compute firewall-rules create network-b-fw --network network-b --allow tcp:22,icmp

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Create a custom network in project-B

Task 2. Set up a VPC network peering session

Consider an organization which needs VPC Network Peering to be established between network-A in project-A, and network-B in project-B. In order for VPC Network Peering to be established successfully, administrators of network-A and network-B must separately configure the peering association.

Peer network-A with network-B:

Select the correct project in the console before you apply the setting by clicking the down arrow next to the Project ID at the top of the screen, then select which project ID you need.

project-A

Go to the VPC Network Peering in the Cloud Console by navigating to the Networking section and clicking VPC Network > VPC network peering in the left menu. Once you're there:

1. Click Create connection.
2. Click Continue.
3. Type "peer-ab" as the Name for this side of the connection.
4. Under Your VPC network, select the network you want to peer (network-a).
5. Set the Peered VPC network radio buttons to In another project.
6. Paste in the Project ID of the second project.

{{{ project_1.project_id }}}

7. Type in the VPC network name of the other network (network-b).
8. Click Create.

At this point, the peering state remains INACTIVE because there is no matching configuration in network-b in project-B. You should see the Status message, Waiting for peer network to connect.

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Peer network-a with network-b

Peer network-b with network-a

Note: Switch to the second project in the console.

project-B

1. Click Create connection.
2. Click Continue.
3. Type "peer-ba" as the Name for this side of the connection.
4. Under Your VPC network, select the network you want to peer (network-b).
5. Set the Peering VPC network radio buttons to In another project, unless you wish to peer within the same project.
6. Specify the Project ID of the first project.

{{{ project_0.project_id }}}

7. Specify VPC network name of the other network (network-a).
8. Click Create.

In the VPC network peering, you should now see peer-ba listed in the property list.

VPC Network Peering becomes ACTIVE and routes are exchanged As soon as the peering moves to an ACTIVE state, traffic flows are set up:

• Between VM instances in the peered networks: Full mesh connectivity.
• From VM instances in one network to Internal Load Balancing endpoints in the peered network.

The routes to peered network CIDR prefixes are now visible across the VPC network peers. These routes are implicit routes generated for active peerings. They don't have corresponding route resources. The following command lists routes for all VPC networks for project-A.

gcloud compute routes list --project {{{ project_0.project_id }}}

Example output:

NAME NETWORK DEST_RANGE NEXT_HOP PRIORITY default-route-2a865a00fa31d5df network-a 0.0.0.0/0 default-internet-gateway 1000 default-route-8af4732e693eae27 network-a 10.0.0.0/16 1000 peering-route-4732ee69e3ecab41 network-a 10.8.0.0/16 peer-ab 1000

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Peer network-b with network-a

Task 3. Test connectivity

In this task, you perform a connectivity test.

project-A

1. Navigate to VM instances console by clicking Navigation Menu > Compute Engine > VM instances.

2. Copy the INTERNAL_IP for vm-a.

project-B

1. Click Navigation Menu > Compute Engine > VM instances.

SSH into vm-b instance.

2. In the SSH shell of vm-b, run the following command replacing <INTERNAL_IP_OF_VM_A> with the vm-a instance INTERNAL_IP:

ping -c 5 <INTERNAL_IP_OF_VM_A>

Example output:

PING 10.8.0.2 (10.8.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.8.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms 64 bytes from 10.8.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.364 ms 64 bytes from 10.8.0.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.205 ms 64 bytes from 10.8.0.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.216 ms 64 bytes from 10.8.0.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.164 ms --- 10.8.0.2 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4065ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.164/0.404/1.072/0.340 ms

Congratulations!

You learned how to set up VPC peering across projects in Google Cloud.

Next steps / Learn more

• Read more about VPC networks.
• Read more about VPC network peering.

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Manual Last Updated April 15, 2024

Lab Last Tested September 25, 2023

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